Page 2: Conditionals and Passive Voice

This section covers conditional sentences and passive voice transformations in detail.

Definition: Conditional sentences express hypothetical situations and their consequences.

Example: "Fish is eaten on Friday" demonstrates passive voice transformation from "She eats fish on Fridays."

Highlight: Three main conditional types:

• First conditional: Present + will
• Second conditional: Past + would
• Third conditional: Had + past participle/would have + participle

Vocabulary: Passive voice requires forms of 'be' (am/is/are/was/were) + past participle

Page 3: Reported Speech and Relative Clauses

Comprehensive coverage of reported speech transformations and relative pronouns.

Definition: Reported speech involves relaying what someone else has said with appropriate tense changes.

Example: "He told me to go with him" from direct speech "Come with me."

Highlight: Time expressions change in reported speech:

• Today → that day
• Tomorrow → the following day
• Now → then

Quote: "Reported questions require tense changes and word order adjustments."

Page 4: Complex Structures and Causation

Explores although/despite constructions and clauses of cause.

Definition: Clauses of cause explain reasons and consequences using specific conjunctions.

Example: "Although he believes in God, he rarely goes to church" can be transformed to "In spite of the fact that he believes in God..."

Vocabulary: Cause connectors:

• Because (porque)
• So (por lo tanto)
• Due to (debido a)
• Since (puesto que)