Early 20th Century Russian Transformation

The early 20th century saw Russia struggling with its feudal legacy and attempts at modernization. Under Tsar Nicholas II's absolute monarchy, the country maintained rigid social structures while attempting industrial development.

Definition: The Duma was Russia's parliament, though it held limited powers under the Tsar's rule.

Highlight: The 1905 Revolution marked the first major challenge to Tsarist authority, resulting in limited reforms.

Example: The Imperial Manifesto granted some concessions including the creation of the Duma and universal suffrage.

Vocabulary: Soviets were workers' and peasants' councils that emerged as alternative power structures during the revolutionary period.

The period was characterized by political persecution, limited freedoms, and growing social unrest, leading to widespread protests and strikes. The formation of soviets represented a new form of grassroots organization among workers and peasants.